ISSN online: 2221-1616

Bulletin of the Institute of Sociology (Vestnik instituta sotziologii)

Research Article

Nina A. Seliverstova Doctor of Sociology, Professor,
Institute of Socio-Political Research of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia
nas0311@ya.ru
ORCID ID=0000-0001-9691-3020
Oleg V. Sorokin Candidate of Sociology
Institute of Socio-Political Research of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia
ov.sorokin@gmail.com
ORCID ID=0000-0003-2597-9465
Saylana . Oorzhak
Tuvan State University, Kyzyl, Russia
saylana@yandex.ru
ORCID ID=0000-0003-3048-6497
Life positions of Tuvan youth: variability of sociocultural subjectivity.
Vestnik instituta sotziologii. 2024. Vol. 15. No. 2. P. 151-173

Дата поступления статьи: 14.12.2023
Topic: Transformation of socio-cultural tradition in Russian regions

For citation:
Seliverstova N. A., Sorokin O. V., Oorzhak S. . Life positions of Tuvan youth: variability of sociocultural subjectivity. Vestnik instituta sotziologii. 2024. Vol. 15. No. 2. P. 151-173
DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/vis.2024.15.2.10. EDN: AUBXPL



Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of the life positions of Tuvan students in the areas of kinship and legal relations. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the study consisted of the provisions of the concept of self-regulation of youth life activity and the data of Tuvan studies, that determine the unique meaning of the cultural space of Tuvan youth. For the empirical basis of the study materials from focus groups with ethnic Tuvan students (2022) were used. The results of the analysis confirmed the high importance of family ties for the majority of Tuvan informants. Based on the semantic basis of the attitude of young Tuvans to the phenomenon of employment of “their kin”, traditional, modern and hybrid life positions are identified. The authors emphasise the ambiguity of hybrid life positions, that promote conflicting ideas such as professionalism as a criterion for selecting candidates for a vacancy and the preference of relatives in a simulated situation of selecting applicants for a position, specific expectations of support from relatives. Latent inconsistency manifests itself in the form of idealisation of potential interaction with relatives on employment issues. It is assumed that this is a not entirely conscious attempt by young people to hide deep-seated predispositions to use the “family ties” resource behind a demonstration of their commitment to modern requirements for the employment procedure and suitability for the position. In relation to the practices of mutual assistance of relatives, in addition to the above-mentioned types, a position is highlighted, expressed in the assumption of living at the expense of a rich, successful relative, based on the deviant meanings of dependency and consumerism.

It was revealed that the life positions of Tuvan youth in the field of law reflect all-Russian trends. The positions of law-abiding youth are based on instrumental meanings (ensuring order, security) and the inevitability of punishment, while positions of lawless youth are based on deviant meanings, the essence of which is manifested in disrespect for the law, and legal infantilism.

Positioning the state as a dishonest partner is used to justify non-compliance with legal norms in interaction with it. Legal infantilism and legal ignorance of some Tuvan students, as well as some other Russian students, liberalisation of consciousness regarding the legal behaviour of other people that goes beyond the social norm, update not only the institutional regulation of legal education and upbringing of youth and children, but also a systematic change in reality in the field of ensuring the rule of law. In relation to the legal behaviour of other people, active (interested) and passive (indifferent) life positions are identified.

Keywords

Tuvan youth, life positions, self-regulation of life activities, meanings, sociocultural subjectivity, sphere of family relations, sphere of legal relations

References
  1. Abulkhanova-Slavska K. A. Strategija zhizni [Strategy of life.]. Moscow, Mysl, 1991: 299 (in Russ.). EDN: SUZDSF.
  2. Anajban Z. V. Social expectations and value orientations of Tuva students. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya, 2022: 2: 151–156 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2018.2.6; EDN: OUJMSB.
  3. Anajban Z. V. Labour employment and socio-professional orientations of young people of modern Tuva. Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2018: 2: 112–131 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2018.2.6; EDN: OUJMSB.
  4. Anajban Z. V. Youth of Tuva and Khakassia in the XXI century: Ethnosociological essays. Moscow, IV RAN, 2017: 240 (in Russ.). EDN: YNPQYP.
  5. Balakina G. F., Kylgydaj A. k. Ch. Features of adaptation of ethnic groups of Tuva to the market economy. Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2016: 2: 73–89 (in Russ.). EDN: ZGUOX.
  6. Baljaev S. I., Burkova D. A., Morozova N. N. Features of perceptions of law and justice among university students. Obrazovanie i nauka, 2019: 21: 8: 112–129 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2019-8-112-129; EDN: RPMCV.
  7. Budegechieva T. B. Tuvan culture: material and spiritual, traditions and innovations: a monograph. Kyzyl, TuvGU, 2018: 115 (in Russ.).
  8. Bujakova K. I., Malkova I. Ju., Budakova A. V. Diagnostics of subject position of participants of volunteer activity in education. Vestnik TomGU, 2021: 467: 55–63 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.17223/15617793/467/7; EDN: BEWAHE.
  9. Dagylga: Tuvan rites of consecration in the XXI century]. Ed. by Ch. K. Lamazhaa, N. D. Suvandii. Kyzyl, 2021: 188 (in Russ.).
  10. Damadanova S. R. Involvement of students in scientific activities as a means of actualisation of cultural values of the national heritage and formation of an active life position of the young generation. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovanija, 2017: 5: 265 (in Russ.). EDN: ZQNJDN.
  11. Damdynchap V. M. The role of customary law in the development of Tuvan society (second half of the 19th - first half of the 20th century): abstract of diss. Abakan, 2006: 23 p. EDN: ZNSDUZ.
  12. Zubok Ju. A., Chuprov V. I. et al. Life positions of youth: semantic bases of formation. Vestnik instituta sotziologii, 2021: 12: 379–98 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.19181/vis.2021.12.3.738; EDN: YXTHRJ.
  13. Zubok Ju. A., Chuprov V. I. Youth in the cultural space: self-regulation of life activity. Moscow, Norma, 2020: 304 (in Russ.). EDN: WLJWBA.
  14. Zubok Ju. A., Chuprov V. I. Legal culture of youth in the perspective of transformation strategies. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya, 2006: 6(266): 37–46 (in Russ.). EDN: KVEHLB.
  15. Kekeeva Z. O., Uvarova G. N., Darzhinova S. V. Study of network identity of student youth of Russian regions (on the example of Kalmykia and Tuva). Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2022: 4: 169–179 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2022.4.13; EDN: JQGIOJ.
  16. Kenin-Lopsan M. B. Traditional culture of Tuvinians. Kyzyl. Kyzyl, Tuvinskoe kn. izd-vo, 2021: 248 (in Russ.).
  17. Lamazhaa Ch. K. Tuva mezhdu proshlym i budushhim. 2-e izdanie, ispravlennoe i dopolnennoe [Tuva between the past and the future. 2nd edition, revised and supplemented]. St. Petersburg, Aletejja, 2011: 368 (in Russ.). EDN: SDSPJV.
  18. Lamazhaa Ch. K. National character of Tuvinians. Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nestor-Istorija, 2018: 240 (in Russ.).
  19. Lamazhaa Ch. K. Social culture of Tuvinians and online space. Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2021: 2: 115–129 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2021.2.10; EDN: DSAAID.
  20. Lamazhaa Ch. K. Sketches of modern Tuvan culture. St. Petersburg, Nestor-Istorija, 2021: 192 (in Russ.).
  21. Lamazhaa Ch. K. Main problems of the study of kinship and kinship groups of modern Tuvinians: passportisation, terminology and kinship maintenance. Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2021: 4: 6–21 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2021.4.1; EDN: UVFFFO.
  22. Leont'ev D. A., Shil'manskaja A. E. Life position of personality: from theory to operationalisation. Voprosy psihologii, 2019: 1: 90–100 (in Russ.). EDN: MEJWMI.
  23. Lukov V. A., Lukov S. V. Subjectivity of youth in the processes of socialisation and enculturation. Gorizonty gumanitarnogo znanija, 2020: 1: 3–20 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.17805/ggz.2020.1.1; EDN: XXVOFB.
  24. Lyutenko I. V. Sociocultural representations of Tuvan youth with unconventional religiosity (sociological experience). Nauka. Kul'tura. Obshchestvo. 2023; 29(2): 103–116 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.19181/nko.2023.29.2.9. EDN: GWXIIS.
  25. Madjukova S. A., Popkov Ju. V. Sociokul'turnyj neotradicionalizm: vosproizvedenie tradicij i vosproizvodstvo jetnichnosti [Sociocultural neotraditionalism: reproduction of traditions and reproduction of ethnicity]. Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2010: 2: 25–39 (in Russ.). EDN: PHHLHH.
  26. Nartova N. A. Citizenship in the representation of St. Petersburg youth and their parents. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya, 2019: 12: 38–47 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.31857/S013216250007742-9; EDN: URRZSE.
  27. Persidskaja O. A. The role of value orientations of young Tuvinians in the spatial development of the Republic of Tyva. Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2019: 3: 41–51 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2019.3.4; EDN: SDRRQS.
  28. Pokida A. N., Zybunovskaja N. V. Legal values of modern Russians: priorities and contradictions. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya, 2020: 1: 92–99 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.31857/S013216250008327-2; EDN: KMVKLB.
  29. Popkov Ju. V., Tjugashev E. A. "Lost World": Tuvan culture in the centre-periphery interpretation of geocultural and sociocultural space. Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2022: 1: 225–236 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2022.1.15; EDN: VLVCDB.
  30. Seliverstova N. A., Sorokin O. V., Oorzhak S. U. o. The semantic components in the representations of the homeland of Tuvan student youth. Novye issledovanija Tuvy, 2023: 1: 110–124 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2023.1.6; EDN: KKAIJJ.
  31. Socio-stratification processes in the Republic of Tyva. Ed. by Z. T. Golenkova. Moscow, Kyzyl, FNISC RAN, 2020: 128 (in Russ.). EDN: LLBIHS.
  32. Tuvinians: Native People. Ed. by Ch. K. Lamazhaa, N. D. Suvandii. St. Petersburg, Nestor-Istorija, 2022: 360 (in Russ.). EDN: VXUTKJ.
  33. Fominyh E. S. Interrelation of self-efficacy and life position of youth. Vektor nauki TolGU. Ser.: Pedagogika, psihologija, 2020: 2(41): 55–59 (in Russ.). DOI:  10.18323/2221-5662-2020-2-55-59; EDN: MKVZGV.
  34. Fominyh E. S. Analyticity-holistic in the problems of the mental bases of the life position of young people. Gumanitarnye nauki (g. Jalta), 2021: 3(55): 127–133 (in Russ.). EDN: LBALRL.
  35. Hil' I. M. Pravovoe soznanie, social'naja rol' i aktivnaja zhiznennaja pozicija molodezhi [Legal consciousness, social role and active life position of young people]. Juridicheskij vestnik KubGU, 2012: 2(11): 15–7 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.18323/2221-5662-2020-2-55-59; EDN: QIZKDR.
  36. Shinjaeva O. V., Ahmetshina E. R., Kljueva T. V. Patriotism and civic positions of students of higher education institutions in the context of social modernisation. Izvestija TulGU, 2021: 3: 63–78 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24412/2071-6141-2021-3-63-78; EDN: QHKCSN.
  37. Muños S. M. Unpucking Legality Through La Facultad and Cultural Citizenship: Critical and Legal Consciousness Formation for Politicised Latinx Undocumented Youth Astivists. Equity and Exellence in Education, 2018: 51: 1: 78–91. DOI: 10.1080/10665684.2018.1441762.